Medical uses of Paclitaxel

Paclitaxel injection is used for the treatment of a number of different types of cancer including ovarian cancer and breast cancer (following surgery or in advanced/spreading state) and advanced state non-small cell lung cancer. It may be used along with other treatments or following the failure of other treatments. The paclitaxel injection may also be used for the treatment of patients with advanced AIDS (Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome) related Kaposi’s sarcoma where previous other treatment options have failed. Paclitaxel works in order to prevent the growth of certain cancerous cells.

Approval: Paclitaxel specifically falls under the taxane family of medicines. It acts in order to interfere with the normal function of the microtubules while cell division. In 1971 the paclitaxel was first isolated from the Pacific yew and in 1993 this agent was approved for medical use. Paclitaxel has been formed from the precursors, and more recently with the help of cell culture. It is believed that the use of paclitaxel during pregnancy may cause birth defects.

Dosage Form: Paclitaxel comes in the form of injection generically and under the brand name Taxol. Paclitaxel is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow viscous solution. It is supplied as a nonaqueous solution intended for dilution with a suitable parenteral fluid prior to the intravenous infusion. Paclitaxel is available in 30 mg (5mL), 100 mg (16.7mL), and 300 mg (50mL) multidose vials. Each mL of sterile nonpyrogenic solution mainly contains 6 mg paclitaxel, 527 mg of purified polyoxyethylated castor oil and 49.7% (v/v) dehydrated alcohol. The standard dose of paclitaxel is injected into a vein (intravenous infusion) by a healthcare professional. A healthcare professional will do certain tests while patients receive paclitaxel.

Side Effects: Side effects of paclitaxel are usually mild and not life threatening. The commonly reported side effects may include bone marrow suppression, numbness, allergic reactions, hair loss, diarrhea, and muscle pains.

Cost: The paclitaxel injection price in India may vary depending on the wholesaler/pharmacy and of course the brand you choose. The cost of paclitaxel ranges from around Rs. 854 to Rs. 18,270 for a supply of vial of 1 mL injection.